Explanation:
In mathematics, a square root of a number x is a number r such that r2 = x, or, in other words, a
number r whose square (the result of multiplying
the number by itself, or r × r) is x. For example, 4 is a square
root of 16 because 42 = 16. (Our solved example in mathguru.com uses this concept)
Every
non-negative real number x has a unique non-negative square root, called the principal square root, denoted by a radical sign as
. For positive x, the principal square root can also be written in exponent notation, as x1/2. For example, the principal
square root of 9 is 3, denoted
, because 32 = 3 × 3 = 9 and 3 is non-negative. Although
the principal square root of a positive number is only one of its two square
roots, the designation "the square root" is often used
to refer to the principal square root.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Square_root
Prime factor
In number theory, the prime factors of a positive integer are the prime numbers that divide that integer
exactly, without leaving a remainder. The process of finding these numbers is
called integer factorization, or
prime factorization.
To shorten prime factorization, numbers are often expressed in
powers, so

(Our solved example in mathguru.com uses this concept)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prime_factor
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